Acid/Base Titration - User Guide

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Fig. Acid/Base Titration. Screenshot from CHEMIX School.

acid-base titration

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OVERVIEW


The CHEMIX School Acid/Base Titration tool provides an interactive workspace to simulate, analyze, and compare titration curves.

The main window is divided into three upper frames:
• Simulated Curve
• Experimental Curve
• Spline Smoothing Overlay with Statistics

Common display options include four checkboxes:
Plotpoints, Polyline, pH(V) Curve, and d(pH)/dV.

Below these are data entry fields for Volume and pH — only the Experimental Curve data is editable.

On the right side are fields for:
Title, X-Axis, Y-Axis, Experiment Name, List of Experiments, and Notes.

Use Save Before or Save After after entering a name to store an experiment.
Replace and Delete act on the currently selected list item.

The lower left area displays graphing results for Simulated, Experimental, and Spline curves, as well as their derivatives.

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SIMULATED CURVE FRAME

Titrant (Upper Section):
Select the titrant from a dropdown list (includes known substances and their pKa values).
Enter the Concentration (M) and Completion Factor.
The Completion Factor stretches or compresses the titration curve horizontally to match timing with experimental data.

Analyte (Lower Section):
Choose the analyte from the dropdown list (also includes pKa values).
Specify its Concentration (M) and Volume (mL).
These values determine the scale and theoretical shape of the simulated titration curve.

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EXPERIMENTAL CURVE FRAME

Enter your real experimental data here.
Provide paired Volume (mL) and pH values — these are plotted directly on the chart.
Points can be edited or adjusted individually to correct measurement errors without affecting simulation data.

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SPLINE SMOOTHING OVERLAY & PARAMETERS

The spline is generated from user-defined control points placed on the graph.
Use the checkbox Show pKa and Equivalence Points to display analytical markers directly on the plot.

The Fitted pKa & Equivalence Field lists all computed pKa values and equivalence points.
Note: The spline requires a strictly monotonic (increasing) volume trend to produce valid results.

Sensitivity: Adjustable from 5–100
(5 = low detail, 100 = most sensitive and detailed fitting).

Use Clear to remove all spline control points.

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OTHER OPTIONS

• Grid – Toggles horizontal and vertical reference lines for pH and Volume.
• Legends – Solid lines/points indicate primary curves; dotted lines represent derivatives.
• Background Color – Choose from seven color themes for graph visibility and contrast.
• pKa and Equivalence Points – Display numerical indicators on graph overlays.

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GRAPHING OPTIONS

• Zoom – Right-click and drag to zoom into a region. Right-click again to unzoom.
• Spline Points – Left-click to add or move a point. Right-click on a point to delete it.
• Legends – Click and drag to reposition anywhere on the chart.

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DETAILED INFORMATION

Simulated Curve Frame:
The titrant dropdown lists known acids and bases with their pKa values.
Select a titrant to model its expected neutralization behavior.
The Completion Factor adjusts the simulation horizontally to better align with real experimental data.

The analyte dropdown functions similarly but defines the reactant in the flask.
The entered Volume (mL) and Concentration (M) determine the shape and scaling of the simulated curve.

Experimental Curve Frame:
This is the only editable dataset in the program.
You can add or modify data points freely to match observed pH changes.
Edits do not alter or overwrite simulation parameters.

Spline Smoothing & Statistics:
The spline is built interactively from control points and provides a smooth fit between experimental measurements.
The accompanying statistics display fitted pKa, pKb, and Equivalence Points.
Ensure all volume entries increase monotonically to avoid invalid curve computation.

Sensitivity Control:
Lower sensitivity values yield smoother, less detailed curves.
Higher values produce sharper responses and more precise pKa detection but will also create false positives from noise.

Grid, Legends & Colors:
Toggle Grid to add reference lines.
Legend color coding: Solid = main curves, Dotted = derivatives.
Seven background color schemes are available for optimal visual contrast.

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SAVING & MANAGING EXPERIMENTS

• Add New – Enter an experiment name, then click Save Before or Save After.
• Replace – Overwrites the currently selected experiment in the list.
• Delete – Removes the selected experiment from storage.
• Experiment List – Quickly switch between stored runs for comparison or continuation.


Acid-Base Tiration - Theory

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